氯磺酸分散石墨烯.pdfVIP

LETTERS PUBLISHED ONLINE: 30 MAY 2010 | DOI: 10.1038/NNANO.2010.86 Spontaneous high-concentration dispersions and liquid crystals of graphene Natnael Behabtu1,3 ‡, Jay R. Lomeda2,3‡, Micah J. Green1,3 †, Amanda L. Higginbotham2,3, Alexander Sinitskii2,3, Dmitry V. Kosynkin2,3, Dmitri Tsentalovich1,3, A. Nicholas G. Parra-Vasquez1,3, Judith Schmidt4 4 4 4 2,3,5 , Ellina Kesselman , Yachin Cohen , Yeshayahu Talmon , James M. Tour * and Matteo Pasquali1,2,3 * Graphene combines unique electronic properties and surprising 300,000 tons per year. It is used chiefly as a sulphonating chemical quantum effects with outstanding thermal and mechanical in detergent and dye production16. Although the intercalation of properties1–4. Many potential applications, including elec- graphite by strong acids, including chlorosulphonic acid, has been tronics and nanocomposites, require that graphene be dis- studied for decades17, there are no reports indicating that graphite persed and processed in a fluid phase5. Here, we show that is soluble in strong acids. graphite spontaneously exfoliates into single-layer graphene In this study the behaviour of pristine graphite in chlorosulpho- in chlorosulphonic acid, and dissolves at isotropic concen- nic acid was investigated. Three different sources of graphite were trations as high as ∼2 mg ml21, which is an order of magnitude used: graphoil (commercial graphi