gmat语法总结副本.docx

平行并列1.As well as, 前面是动词，后面是ing2. 比较里面的介词不能省略she has demands for A，B and C.she has demands for A，FOR B and FOR C.1在平行结构中，并列项之间的连接词的连接对象不能引起争议。当连接对象有争议时，有两种修改方法：加介词／挪位置both A and B，AB要平行，A 是with 那么B也要是with开头3., not only（必须有but also,至少要but, but also 不能拆开）可以并列： not... but rather... / not... but...4. 不定式的并列不定式，除第一个不定式的to不能省略外，其他的to都可以省略would like to …. And 不加 to5. 分词并列ing和过去分词都可以并列6. 从句并列that等引导词不能省略，且从句的并列，连词从句的连词需相同相同功能的只有这个可以并列：n. + who ... and whose ...可以并列7..一些谓语动词前加有助动词或动词前有不定式to-- was opening, can lose, to increase 并列时常把助动词省略例句：The division WAS opening offices, hiring staff AND investing in equipment. The railroad CAN EITHER lose more money OR solve its problems. They wanted TO increase awareness, spark interest, AND motivate purchases. 8. 抽象名词和the ing并列看不见摸不到的都是抽象名词，the doing 是抽象名词，并列9. 句子并列nor 连接句子，or 不能连接句子句子并列每个都要加and10. 表示并列的习语X Acts As YDistinguish X From YX is the Same As YAs X, So YEstimate X To Be YX is good, and So Too is YBetween X And YX Instead Of YX, Such As Y (example)Compared To X, YX is Known To Be YThink Of X As YConsider X YX is Less Than YX is Thought To Be YIn Contrast To X, YMake X YView X As YDeclare X YMistake X For YWhether X Or YX-Develops Into YNot Only X(,) But Also Y (中间的逗号可有可无)X Differs From YRegard X As Y比较1. A is to B what C is to D2. like 不能加句子，like后面一定不能接从句或介词短语.主谓一致1.集合名词：the rich/ the poor 是复数例如the Oneida2. one of 后面必须是负数3. the only之后必须是单数4. 从属连接词， a+ b，看 aA with BA, including BA as well as BA, together with BA, along with BA, no less than BA, more than BA besides BA except BA in addition to BA accompanied by B5. 就近原则A or B; not A but B; A nor B; not only A but also B; either A or B; neither A nor B但是注意：若仅仅只有either or neither，没有or、nor，则谓语动词一定要用单数6. 集合名词依旧谓语动词是单数注意：citrus（＋单数）以-s结尾的疾病、国家名称或机构名称，谓语动词用单数。Diabetes physics oxides7.Each和Every(1) each或every充当主语时谓语动词用单数。(2) each或every如果放在主语之后充当同位语时，谓语动词需跟each every之前的主语的单复数一致。They each ARE great tennis players.8. average 和number 用法类似the average of + 复数名词做主语，用单数；a average of 复数名