现在分词和动名词作定语及作表语的区别.pptVIP

* * 现在分词和动名词 作定语及作表语的区别 一、怎样区别作表语的现在分词和动名词 动名词和现在分词构成形式一样(都是在动词词尾加ing),且均可在句中作表语.究竟是现在分词还是动名词在句中作表语呢?下面介绍几种辨别的方法. 二、用试加法区别作定语的现在分词和动名词 三、高频考题 一、怎样区别作表语的现在分词和动名词 (一)倒置法 (二)加入法 (三)提问法 (一)倒置法 将句中的主语和表语位置互换,谓语不动,若新组成的句子与原句意思相符,句中v+ing形式就是动名词.否则,就是现在分词.例如: 例1. His job is teaching English . 他的工作是教英语 互换位置后成为: Teaching English is his job. 教英语是他的工作. 注:互换位置后句子通顺,意思相符.故例中的teaching是动名词作表语. 例2. His job is interesting.他的工作有趣. 互换位置后成为: Interesting is his job. 注:互换后句子意思不成立,与原句意思更不相符.故例句中的interesting应为现在分词. (二)加入法 在表语前加上副词very,so或more,most等.句子通顺,意思明确者,为现在分词.否则,为动名词.如: 例1. My job is interesting. My job is very interesting. 注:句子成立,故interesting为现在分词. 例2. My job is teaching English. My job is very (so) teaching English. 注:句子不成立,故teaching是动名词作表语. 同理,我们还可以在表语后加个能作宾语的词,若句子成立应为动名词,否则,为现在分词.如: 例1. My job is teaching English. My job is teaching you English. 注:句子成立,teaching为动名词. 例2. My job is interesting. My job is interesting you. 注:加you后的句子不成立,故句中的interesting为现在分词. (三)提问法 能用how对表语提问的是现在分词,反之是动名词;能用what对表语提问的是动名词,反之,为现在分词.如: 例1. My job is interesting. How is your job? 注:用how提问,句意通顺,故表语是现在分词. 例2. My job is teaching English. What is your job? 注:用what对表语提问,句意通顺,故表语是动名词. 二、用试加法区别作定语的现在分词和动名词 试加法是用for带入原含有v+ing形式的词组中,意思通顺者 ,v+ing形式为动名词.例如: a car for sleeping a dancing hall a hall for dancing 注:两句均通顺,合乎逻辑,所以sleeping和dancing均为动名词. 又如: a sleeping boy a boy for sleeping boy 供睡觉,显然意思不通顺,因而sleeping在此处便是现在分词了. a sleeping car (car是供睡觉的) (hall是供跳舞的) 这样的定语还可以用试加转换定语从句法加以验证.一般说来,能转换成合理的定语从句的,v+ing即为现在分词.如: a sleeping car a boy who is sleeping = working people = = people who are working a burning stick a stick which is burning 高频考题 1. — I’m too busy _____ to my family. 　— Why not call them instead? 　　 A. writing B. to write C. written D. write 2. The little boy woke up his father, ______ “Happy Birthday!” 　　A. call B. to call C. called D. calling 3. The car