小连翘内生真菌种群分布及其抗菌性探究.docVIP

小连翘内生真菌种群分布及其抗菌性探究 　 作者：袁保红，杜青平，邓祖军 【摘要】; 目的 分析小连翘(Hyperioums sampsonii Hance)内生真菌的分布特征和抗菌活性。方法 采用内生菌分离法分离菌株，双培养法对峙试验测定其抗菌性。结果 从小连翘的根、茎、叶等不同的器官中分离得到81株内生真菌，经形态学分类鉴定分属于4个目，5个科，26个属，其中头孢霉属（Cephalosporium sp.）和丝核菌属（Rhizoctonia sp.）为优势菌群。不同部位内生真菌的类型、数量和分布存在差异，根部有31株，分属于12属；茎部有12株，分属于10属；叶部有38株，分属于13属。通过平板对峙实验发现，从小连翘所分离的内生真菌中54.32%对某些植物病原真菌有拮抗活性。结论 小连翘内生真菌及其代谢产物中具有潜在活性物质，值得深入研究。 【关键词】; 内生真菌；小连翘；拮抗活性 　　Studies on communities of endophytic fungi from Hyperioums sampsonii Hance and their antipathogenic activities in vitro 　　Abstract: The endophytic fungi were isolated and identified morphologically from the roots, stems and leaves of Hyperioums Sampsonii Hance. Eightyone strains of endophytic fungi were isolated and belonged to 26 genera, 5 families and 4 orders. Cephalosporium sp. and Rhizoctonia sp. were the dominant genera. Among 81 strains, 31 strains of 12 genera were isolated in roots, 12 strains of 10 genera in stems, and 38 strains of 13 genera in leaves. The results showed that the quantity, population, and distribution of the endophytic fungi varied in different positions of Hyperioums Sampsonii Hance. In the dual culture tests, 53.48% of all the isolated Endophytic fungi showed antagonistic to some plant pathogens. These endophytic fungi inside the plants have intimate correlation with their hosts. These endophytic fungi and their metabolites might play an important role in the plants against the pathogens. 　　Key words:endophytic fungi; Hyperioums Sampsonii Hance; antipathogenic activities 　　小连翘(Hyperioums sampsonii Hance)，别名小翘、七层兰、瑞香草、元宝草等，为多年生双子叶植物药藤黄科植物，味苦、性辛、平［1］。全草含鞣质，有光致敏作用，动物食后可产生皮炎；含小连翘碱(hypecorine)和小连翘次碱(hypecorinine)；花含金丝桃素(hepericin)［2］，有活血、止痛、调经、止血、消肿之效；小连翘或其提取物作为有效药物成分用于制备治疗睡眠障碍、老年痴呆、记忆力减退等病症的药物［3］；同属植物贯叶连翘，在西方国家称圣约翰草，用于治疗忧郁症等疾病已有几百年的历史［4］。近年来的研究表明小连翘也具有抗忧郁作用［5］。文献报道，小连翘中含有聚（异）戊二烯二苯甲酮类衍生物、萘骈双蒽酮类和黄酮类等多种化学成分，这些成分是小连翘药理作用的主要有效成分，但是要提取和分离这些药物成分还有很多困难［6］。近来研究表明,某些药用植物中个别内生真菌能够产生与宿主相同或者相似药理活性的成分［7］，由此对药用植物内生真菌的研究引起人们的广泛关注。如果在小连翘内生真菌中能够发现类似的活性物质，无疑找到了一