a new classification of the long-horned caddisflies (trichoptera leptoceridae) based on molecular data长角石蛾的一种新的分类(trichoptera leptoceridae)基于分子数据.pdfVIP

Malm and Johanson BMC Evolutionary Biology 2011, 11:10 /1471-2148/11/10 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access A new classification of the long-horned caddisflies (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) based on molecular data Tobias Malm 1,2*, Kjell Arne Johanson1 Abstract Background: Leptoceridae are among the three largest families of Trichoptera (caddisflies). The current classification is founded on a phylogenetic work from the 1980’s, based on morphological characters from adult males, i.e. wing venation, tibial spur formula and genital morphology. In order to get a new opinion about the relationships within the family, we undertook a molecular study of the family based on sequences from five genes, mitochondrial COI and the four nuclear genes CAD, EF-1a, IDH and POL. Results: The resulting phylogenetic hypotheses are more or less congruent with the morphologically based classification, with most genera and tribes recovered as monophyletic, but with some major differences. For monophyly of the two subfamilies Triplectidinae and Leptocerinae, one tribe of each was removed and elevated to subfamily status; however monophyly of some genera and tribes is in question. All clades except Leptocerinae, were stable across different analysis methods. Conclusions: We elevate the tribes Grumichellini and Leptorussini to subfamily status, Grumichellinae and Leptorussinae, respectively. We also propose the synonymies of Ptochoecetis with Oecetis and Condocerus with Hudsonema. Background The first major systematic arrangements of the family Being one of the three largest Trichoptera families, the were made in the early 20th century. Ulmer [5] divided long-horned caddisflies, Leptoceridae Leach, have the genera into the two subfamilies, w