addiction to the nicotine gum in never smokers上瘾的尼古丁口香糖从不吸烟者.pdfVIP

BMC Public Health BioMed Central Research article Open Access Addiction to the nicotine gum in never smokers Jean-François Etter* Address: Institute of social and preventive medicine, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland Email: Jean-François Etter* - jean-francois.etter@imsp.unige.ch * Corresponding author Published: 17 July 2007 Received: 13 November 2006 Accepted: 17 July 2007 BMC Public Health 2007, 7:159 doi:10.1186/1471-2458-7-159 This article is available from: /1471-2458/7/159 © 2007 Etter; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: Addiction to nicotine gum has never been described in never smokers or in never users of tobacco. Methods: Internet questionnaire in 2004–2006 in a self-selected sample of 434 daily users of nicotine gum. To assess dependence on nicotine gum, we used modified versions of the Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale (NDSS), the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence and the Cigarette Dependence Scale. Results: Five never smokers used the nicotine gum daily. They had been using the nicotine gum for longer than the 429 ever smokers (median = 6 years vs 0.8 years, p = 0.004), and they had higher NDSS-