age-dependent induction of immunity and subsequent survival costs in males and females of a temperate damselfly年龄相关性免疫诱导和随后的生存成本温带豆娘的男性和女性.pdfVIP

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age-dependent induction of immunity and subsequent survival costs in males and females of a temperate damselfly年龄相关性免疫诱导和随后的生存成本温带豆娘的男性和女性.pdf

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age-dependent induction of immunity and subsequent survival costs in males and females of a temperate damselfly年龄相关性免疫诱导和随后的生存成本温带豆娘的男性和女性

BMC Ecology BioMed Central Research article Open Access Age-dependent induction of immunity and subsequent survival costs in males and females of a temperate damselfly Tonia Robb*†1 and Mark R Forbes†2 Address: 1Department of Ecology Evolutionary Biology, 25 Willcocks Street, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3B2, Canada and 2Department of Biology, 209 Nesbitt Building, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada Email: Tonia Robb* - trobb@connect.carleton.ca; Mark R Forbes - mforbes@ccs.carleton.ca * Corresponding author †Equal contributors Published: 07 November 2006 Received: 28 June 2006 Accepted: 07 November 2006 BMC Ecology 2006, 6:15 doi:10.1186/1472-6785-6-15 This article is available from: /1472-6785/6/15 © 2006 Robb and Forbes; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: To understand variation in resistance to parasites within host populations, researchers have examined conditions under which immunity is induced and/or is costly. Both host sex and age have been found to influence immune expression and subsequently are likely factors influencing the costs of resistance. The purpose of this study was to examine immune expression and associated survival costs for two age group