antibacterial therapeutics for the treatment of chytrid infection in amphibians columbus’s egg两栖动物感染抗菌疗法治疗壶哥伦布的鸡蛋.pdfVIP

Muijsers et al. BMC Veterinary Research 2012, 8:175 /1746-6148/8/175 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Antibacterial therapeutics for the treatment of chytrid infection in amphibians: Columbus’s egg? 1 1 1 2 1 1 Mariska Muijsers , An Martel , Pascale Van Rooij , Kris Baert , Griet Vercauteren , Richard Ducatelle , 3 4 1 1* Patrick De Backer , Francis Vercammen , Freddy Haesebrouck and Frank Pasmans Abstract Background: The establishment of safe and effective protocols to treat chytridiomycosis in amphibians is urgently required. In this study, the usefulness of antibacterial agents to clear chytridiomycosis from infected amphibians was evaluated. Results: Florfenicol, sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine and the combination of trimethoprim and sulfonamides were active in vitro against cultures of five Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis strains containing sporangia and zoospores, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 0.5-1.0 μg/ml for florfenicol and 8.0 μg/ml for the sulfonamides. Trimethoprim was not capable of inhibiting growth but, combined with sulfonamides, reduced the time to visible growth inhibition by the sulfonamides. Growth inhibition of B. dendrobatidis was not observed after exposure to clindamycin, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, paromomycin, polymyxin E and tylosin. Cultures of sporangia and zoospores of B. dendrobatidis strains JEL423 and IA042 were killed completely after 14 days of exposure to 100 μg/ml florfenicol or 16 μg/ml trimethoprim combined with 80 μg/ml sulfadiazine. These concentrations were, however, not capable of efficiently killing zoospores within 4 days after