原创力文档antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in waters associated with a hospital in ujjain, india抗生素和抗生素耐药细菌水域与医院有关乌贾因市驴子市场上,印度.pdfVIP
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antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in waters associated with a hospital in ujjain, india抗生素和抗生素耐药细菌水域与医院有关乌贾因市驴子市场上,印度
Diwan et al. BMC Public Health 2010, 10:414
/1471-2458/10/414
R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E Open Access
Research article
Antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in
waters associated with a hospital in Ujjain, India
1,2 3,4 5 5 5 6
Vishal Diwan* , Ashok J Tamhankar , Rakesh K Khandal , Shanta Sen , Manjeet Aggarwal , Yogyata Marothi ,
6 7 1
Rama V Iyer , Karin Sundblad-Tonderski and Cecilia Stålsby- Lundborg
Abstract
Background: Concerns have been raised about the public health implications of the presence of antibiotic residues in
the aquatic environment and their effect on the development of bacterial resistance. While there is information on
antibiotic residue levels in hospital effluent from some other countries, information on antibiotic residue levels in
effluent from Indian hospitals is not available. Also, concurrent studies on antibiotic prescription quantity in a hospital
and antibiotic residue levels and resistant bacteria in the effluent of the same hospital are few. Therefore, we quantified
antibiotic residues in waters associated with a hospital in India and assessed their association, if any, with quantities of
antibiotic prescribed in the hospital and the susceptibility of Escherichia coli found in the hospital effluent.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a teaching hospital outside the city of Ujjain in India. Seven
antibiotics - amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, amikacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and levofloxacin - were selected.
Prescribed quantities were obtained from hospital records. The samples of the hospital associated water were analysed
for t
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