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Available online /content/9/2/R31 Vol 9 No 2 Open Access Research article Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ 1 expression is diminished in human osteoarthritic cartilage and is downregulated by interleukin-1β in articular chondrocytes 1 2 1 1 Hassan Afif , Mohamed Benderdour , Leandra Mfuna-Endam , Johanne Martel-Pelletier , Jean- 1 3 1 Pierre Pelletier , Nicholas Duval and Hassan Fahmi 1Osteoarthritis Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier de lUniversité de Montréal (CHUM), Notre-Dame Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, 1560 Sherbrooke East, Pavillon J.A DeSève, Y-2628, Montreal, QC, H2L 4M1, Canada 2Centre de Recherche, Sacré-Coeur Hospital, 5400 Boulevard Gouin Ouest, Montréal, QC, H4J 1C5, Canada 3Centre de Convalescence, Pavillon de Charmilles, 1487 Boulevard des Laurentides, Montréal, QC, H7M 2Y3, Canada Corresponding author: Hassan Fahmi, h.fahmi@umontreal.ca Received: 30 Oct 2006 Revisions requested: 11 Jan 2007 Revisions received: 26 Feb 2007 Accepted: 26 Mar 2007 Published: 26 Mar 2007 Arthritis Research Therapy 2007, 9:R31 (doi:10.1186/ar2151) This article is online at: /content/9/2/R31 © 2007 Afif et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a