phylogeographic analysis reveals significant spatial genetic structure of incarvillea sinensis as a product of mountain buildingphylogeographic分析显示显著的空间遗传结构角蒿的造山运动的产物.pdf

Chen et al. BMC Plant Biology 2012, 12:58 /1471-2229/12/58 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Phylogeographic analysis reveals significant spatial genetic structure of Incarvillea sinensis as a product of mountain building 1 2,3 2 1,2* 4 5 Shaotian Chen , Yaowu Xing , Tao Su , Zhekun Zhou , Emeritus David L Dilcher and Douglas E Soltis Abstract Background: Incarvillea sinensis is widely distributed from Southwest China to Northeast China and in the Russian Far East. The distribution of this species was thought to be influenced by the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Quaternary glaciation. To reveal the imprints of geological events on the spatial genetic structure of Incarvillea sinensis, we examined two cpDNA segments (trnH-psbA and trnS-trnfM) in 705 individuals from 47 localities. Results: A total of 16 haplotypes was identified, and significant genetic differentiation was revealed (GST =0.843, NST = 0.975, P 0.05). The survey detected two highly divergent cpDNA lineages connected by a deep gap with allopatric distributions: the southern lineage with higher genetic diversity and differentiation in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and the northern lineage in the region outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The divergence between these two lineages was estimated at 4.4 MYA. A correlation between the genetic and the geographic distances indicates that genetic drift was more influential than gene flow in the northern clade with lower diversity and divergence. However, a scenario of regional equilibrium between gene flow and drift was shown for the southern clade. The feature of spatial distribution of the genetic diversity of the southern lineage possibly indicated th