phytoceramide shows neuroprotection and ameliorates scopolamine-induced memory impairmentphytoceramide显示神经保护和改善scopolamine-induced记忆障碍.pdf

Molecules 2011, 16, 9090-9100; doi:10.3390/molecule OPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 /journal/molecules Article Phytoceramide Shows Neuroprotection and Ameliorates Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment Jae-Chul Jung 3, Yeonju Lee 1, Sohyeon Moon 1, Jong Hoon Ryu 2 and Seikwan Oh 1,* 1 Department of Neuroscience and TIDRC, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710, Korea 2 Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea 3 Institute of Life Science Research, Rexgene Biotech, Ochang, Chungbuk 368-831, Korea * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: skoh@ewha.ac.kr. Received: 14 September 2011; in revised form: 22 October 2011 / Accepted: 26 October 2011/ Published: 28 October 2011 Abstract: The function and the role phytoceramide (PCER) and phytosphingosine (PSO) in the central nervous system has not been well studied. This study was aimed at investigating the possible roles of PCER and PSO in glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in cultured neuronal cells and memory function in mice. Phytoceramide showed neuro- protective activity in the glutamate-induced toxicity in cultured cortical neuronal cells. Neither phytosphingosine nor tetraacetylphytosphingosine (TAPS) showed neuroproective effects in neuronal cells. PCER (50 mg/kg, p.o.) recovered the scopolamine-induced reduction in step-through latency in the passive avoidance te