polyamines under abiotic stress metabolic crossroads and hormonal crosstalks in plants多胺在植物非生物胁迫的代谢十字路口和荷尔蒙相声.pdfVIP

Metabolites 2012, 2, 516-528; doi:10.3390/metabo2030516 OPEN ACCESS metabolites ISSN 2218-1989 /journal/metabolites/ Review Polyamines under Abiotic Stress: Metabolic Crossroads and Hormonal Crosstalks in Plants Marta Bitrián, Xavier Zarza, Teresa Altabella, Antonio F. Tiburcio and Rubén Alcázar * Unit of Plant Physiology, Department of Natural Products and Plant Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ralcazar@; Tel: +34 934024492; Fax: +34 934029043. Received: 22 June 2012; in revised form: 6 August 2012 / Accepted: 10 August 2012 / Published: 20 August 2012 Abstract: Polyamines are essential compounds for cell survival and have key roles in plant stress protection. Current evidence points to the occurrence of intricate cross-talks between polyamines, stress hormones and other metabolic pathways required for their function. In this review we integrate the polyamine metabolic pathway in the context of its immediate metabolic network which is required to understand the multiple ways by which polyamines can maintain their homeostasis and participate in plant stress responses. Keywords: polyamines; stress; metabolism; SAM; GABA; proline; ABA 1. Introduction Abiotic stresses such as cold/freezing, salinity, heat and drought represent serious threats to agriculture. Climatic change is predicted to increase global temperature, alter precipitation patterns and intensify drought, increasing the need to gr