sub-grid scale plume modeling亚格子尺度羽建模.pdfVIP

Atmosphere 2011, 2, 389-406; doi:10.3390/atmos2030389 OPEN ACCESS atmosphere ISSN 2073-4433 /journal/atmosphere Review Sub-Grid Scale Plume Modeling Prakash Karamchandani *, Krish Vijayaraghavan and Greg Yarwood ENVIRON International, 773 San Marin Drive, Suite 2 115, Novato, CA 94998, USA; E-Mails: krish@ (K.V.); gyarwood@ (G.Y.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: prakash@; Tel.: +1-415-899-0754; Fax: +1-415-899-0707. Received: 15 June 2011; in revised form: 16 August 2011 / Accepted: 17 August 2011 / Published: 24 August 2011 Abstract: Multi-pollutant chemical transport models (CTMs) are being routinely used to predict the impacts of emission controls on the concentrations and deposition of primary and secondary pollutants. While these models have a fairly comprehensive treatment of the governing atmospheric processes, they are unable to correctly represent processes that occur at very fine scales, such as the near-source transport and chemistry of emissions from elevated point sources, because of their relatively coarse horizontal resolution. Several different approaches have b n used to address this limitation, such as using fine grids, adaptive grids, hybrid modeling, or an embedded sub-grid scale plume model, i.e., plume- in-grid (PinG) modeling. In this paper, we first discuss the relative merits