system energy assessment (sea), defining a standard measure of eroi for energy businesses as whole systems系统能量评估(海),定义一个标准衡量eroi能源企业作为整个系统.pdfVIP

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system energy assessment (sea), defining a standard measure of eroi for energy businesses as whole systems系统能量评估(海),定义一个标准衡量eroi能源企业作为整个系统.pdf

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system energy assessment (sea), defining a standard measure of eroi for energy businesses as whole systems系统能量评估(海),定义一个标准衡量eroi能源企业作为整个系统

Sustainability 2011, 3, 1908-1943; doi:10.3390/su3 101908 OPEN ACCESS sustainability ISSN 2071-1050 /journal/sustainability Article System Energy Assessment (SEA), Defining a Standard Measure of EROI for Energy Businesses as Whole Systems Philip F. Henshaw 1,*, Carey King 2 and Jay Zarnikau 3 1 HDS Systems Design Science, S, New York, NY 10040, USA 2 Center for International Energy and Environmental Policy, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78713, USA; E-Mail: careyking@ 3 LBJ School of Public Affairs College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78713, USA; E-Mail: jayz@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: eco@; Tel.: +1- 212.795-4844 Received: 10 January 2010; in revised form: 12 October 2010 / Accepted: 12 November 2010 / Published: 17 October 2011 Abstract: A more objective method for measuring the energy needs of businesses, System Energy Assessment (SEA), measures the combined impacts of material supply chains and service supply chains, to assess businesses as whole self-managing net-energy systems. The method is demonstrated using a model Wind Farm, and defines a physical measure of their energy productivity for society (EROI-S), a ratio of total energy delivered to total energy expended. Energy use records for technology and proxy measures for clearly understood but not individually recorded energy uses for services are combined for a whole system estimate of consumption required for production. Current methods count o