the dunaliella salina organelle genomes large sequences, inflated with intronic and intergenic dna杜氏细胞器基因组序列,膨胀intronic和基因间的dna.pdfVIP

Smith et al. BMC Plant Biology 2010, 10:83 /1471-2229/10/83 R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E Open Access Research article The Dunaliella salina organelle genomes: large sequences, inflated with intronic and intergenic DNA 1 1 2 3 4 4 David Roy Smith* , Robert W Lee , John C Cushman , Jon K Magnuson , Duc Tran and Jürgen EW Polle Abstract Background: Dunaliella salina Teodoresco, a unicellular, halophilic green alga belonging to the Chlorophyceae, is among the most industrially important microalgae. This is because D. salina can produce massive amounts of β- carotene, which can be collected for commercial purposes, and because of its potential as a feedstock for biofuels production. Although the biochemistry and physiology of D. salina have been studied in great detail, virtually nothing is known about the genomes it carries, especially those within its mitochondrion and plastid. This study presents the complete mitochondrial and plastid genome sequences of D. salina and compares them with those of the model green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Volvox carteri. Results: The D. salina organelle genomes are large, circular-mapping molecules with ~60% noncoding DNA, placing them among the most inflated organelle DNAs sampled from the Chlorophyta. In fact, the D. salina plastid genome, at 269 kb, is the largest complete plastid DNA (ptDNA) sequence currently deposited in GenBank, and both the mitochondrial and plastid genomes have unprecedentedly high intron densities for organelle DNA: ~1.5 and ~0.4 introns per gene, respectively. Moreover, what appear to be the relics of genes, introns, and intronic open reading frames are found scattered throughout the intergenic ptDNA regions -- a trait without parallel