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the entropy of a discrete real variable熵的离散变量
Entropy 2012, 14, 1522-1538; doi:10.3390/
OPEN ACCESS
entropy
ISSN 1099-4300
/journal/entropy
Article
The Entropy of a Discrete Real Variable
Scott Funkhouser
SPAWAR Systems Center Atlantic, Joint Base Charleston, North Charleston, SC 29406, USA;
E-Mail: scott.funkhouser@
Received: 12 June 2012; in revised form: 3 August 2012 / Accepted: 6 August 2012 /
Published: 17 August 2012
Abstract: The discrete Shannon entropy was formulated only to measure indeterminacy
effected through a set of probabilities, but the indeterminacy in a real-valued discrete
variable depends on both the allowed outcomes and the corresponding probabilities .
A fundamental measure that is sensitive to both and is derived here from the total
differential entropy of a continuous real variable and its conjugate in the discrete limit,
where the conjugate is universally eliminated. The asymptotic differential entropy recovers
plus the new measure, named , which provides a novel probe of intrinsic organization in
sequences of real numbers.
Keywords: Shannon entropy; information entropy; information theory
1. Introduction
Let be a discrete variable with generic outcomes and corresponding
probabilities such that
(1)
Expressed in terms of the natural logarithm, the Shannon entropy attributed to in connection with
is [ 1]
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