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the essential toxin impact of zinc on human health必要的毒素锌对人体健康的影响
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2010, 7, 1342-1365; doi:10.3390/ijerph7041342
OPEN ACCESS
International Journal of
Environmental Research and
Public Health
ISSN 1660-4601
/journal/ijerph
Review
The Essential Toxin: Impact of Zinc on Human Health
Laura M. Plum, Lothar Rink and Hajo Haase *
Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074
Aachen, Germany; E-Mails: lplum@ukaachen.de (L.M.P.); lrink@ukaachen.de (L.R.)
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: hhaase@ukaachen.de;
Tel.: +49-241-808-0205; Fax: +49-24 1-808-2613.
Received: 27 January 2010; in revised form: 8 March 2010 / Accepted: 10 March 2010 /
Published: 26 March 2010
Abstract: Compared to several other metal ions with similar chemical properties, zinc is
relatively harmless. Only exposure to high doses has toxic effects, making acute zinc
intoxication a rare event. In addition to acute intoxication, long-term, high-dose zinc
supplementation interferes with the uptake of copper. Hence, many of its toxic effects are
in fact due to copper deficiency. While systemic homeostasis and efficient regulatory
mechanisms on the cellular level generally prevent the uptake of cytotoxic doses of
exogenous zinc, endogenous zinc plays a significant role in cyto
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