原创力文档the double-edged sword of autoimmunity lessons from multiple sclerosis自身免疫教训多发性硬化症的双刃剑.pdfVIP
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the double-edged sword of autoimmunity lessons from multiple sclerosis自身免疫教训多发性硬化症的双刃剑
Toxins 2010, 2, 856-877; doi:10.3390/toxins2040856
OPEN ACCESS
toxins
ISSN 2072-6651
/journal/toxins
Review
The Double-Edged Sword of Autoimmunity: Lessons from
Multiple Sclerosis
Anne Lise K. Hestvik
Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital,
Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway; E-Mail: anne.lise.hestvik@rr-research.no; Tel.: +47
Fax: +47
Received: 14 April 2010 / Accepted: 21 April 2010 / Published: 22 April 2010
Abstract: The relationship between immune responses to self-antigens and autoimmune
disease is unclear. In contrast to its animal model experimental autoimmune
encephalomyelitis (EAE), which is driven by T cell responses to myelin antigens, the target
antigen of the intrathecal immune response in multiple sclerosis (MS) has not been
identified. Although the immune response in MS contributes significantly to tissue
destruction, the action of immunocompetent cells within the central nervous system (CNS)
may also hold therapeutic potential. Thus, treatment of MS patients with glatiramer acetate
triggers a protective immune response. Here we review the immunopathogenesis of MS
and some recent findings on the mechanism of glatiramer acetate (GA).
Keywords: autoimmunity; multiple sclerosis; T cells; B cells; glatiramer acetate
1. Introduction
Autoimmunity can be defined as an adaptive immune response directed against the body’s own
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