the immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects of mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) a model of multiple sclerosis (ms)间充质干细胞的免疫调节和神经保护效应(msc)在实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(运算单元)多发性硬化症(ms)的模型.pdfVIP

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 9298-9331; doi:10.3390/ijm OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 /journal/ijms Review The Immunomodulatory and Neuroprotective Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE): A Model of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Mohammed A. Al Jumah and Mohamed H. Abumaree * College of medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh 11426, Mail Code 1515, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail: jumahm@ngha.med.sa * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: abumareem@.sa; Tel.: +966-1-2520088 (ext. 47180); Fax: +966-1-2520088 (ext. 47120). Received: 18 May 2012; in revised form: 11 July 2012 / Accepted: 11 July 2012 / Published: 24 July 2012 Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that differentiate into the mesenchymal lineages of adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes. MSCs can also transdifferentiate and thereby cross lineage barriers, differentiating for example into neurons under certain experimental conditions. MSCs have anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects on neurons. Therefore, MSCs were tested in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), for their effectiveness in modulating the pathogenic process in EAE to develop effectiv