原创力文档variation in tropical reef symbiont metagenomes defined by secondary metabolism热带礁共生者基因组由次生代谢的变化.pdfVIP
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variation in tropical reef symbiont metagenomes defined by secondary metabolism热带礁共生者基因组由次生代谢的变化
Variation in Tropical Reef Symbiont Metagenomes
Defined by Secondary Metabolism
1 2 2 1
Mohamed S. Donia , W. Florian Fricke , Jacques Ravel , Eric W. Schmidt *
1 Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America, 2 Institute for Genome Sciences, Department of Microbiology
Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
Abstract
The complex evolution of secondary metabolism is important in biology, drug development, and synthetic biology. To
examine this problem at a fine scale, we compared the genomes and chemistry of 24 strains of uncultivated cyanobacteria,
Prochloron didemni, that live symbiotically with tropical ascidians and that produce natural products isolated from the
animals. Although several animal species were obtained along a .5500 km transect of the Pacific Ocean, P. didemni strains
are .97% identical across much of their genomes, with only a few exceptions concentrated in secondary metabolism.
Secondary metabolic gene clusters were sporadically present or absent in identical genomic locations with no consistent
pattern of co-occurrence. Discrete mutations were observed, leading to new chemicals that we isolated from animals.
Functional cassettes encoding diverse chemicals are exchanged among a single population of symbiotic P. didemni that
spans the tropical Pacific, providing the host animals with a varying arsenal of secondary metabolites.
Citation: Donia MS, Fricke WF, Ravel J, Schmidt EW (2011) Variation in Tropical Reef Symbiont Metagenomes Defined by Secondary Metabolism. PLoS ONE 6(3):
e17897. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017897
Editor: Lucas Stal, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Netherlands
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