原创力文档visual recognition of age class and preference for infantile features implications for species-specific vs universal cognitive traits in primates视觉识别的类和偏爱幼稚的特性对灵长类动物特有的和普遍的认知特征的影响.pdfVIP
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visual recognition of age class and preference for infantile features implications for species-specific vs universal cognitive traits in primates视觉识别的类和偏爱幼稚的特性对灵长类动物特有的和普遍的认知特征的影响
Visual Recognition of Age Class and Preference for
Infantile Features: Implications for Species-Specific vs
Universal Cognitive Traits in Primates
1. 1 . 2,3 1 1
Anna Sato , Hiroki Koda * , Alban Lemasson , Sumiharu Nagumo , Nobuo Masataka
´
1 Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan, 2 EthoS ‘‘Ethologie Animale et Humaine’’ UMR6552-CNRS, Universite de Rennes 1, Station Biologique,
Paimpont, France, 3 Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
Abstract
Despite not knowing the exact age of individuals, humans can estimate their rough age using age-related physical features.
Nonhuman primates show some age-related physical features; however, the cognitive traits underlying their recognition of
age class have not been revealed. Here, we tested the ability of two species of Old World monkey, Japanese macaques (JM)
and Campbell’s monkeys (CM), to spontaneously discriminate age classes using visual paired comparison (VPC) tasks based
on the two distinct categories of infant and adult images. First, VPCs were conducted in JM subjects using conspecific JM
stimuli. When analyzing the side of the first look, JM subjects significantly looked more often at novel images. Based on
analyses of total looking durations, JM subjects looked at a novel infant image longer than they looked at a familiar adult
image, suggesting the ability to spontaneously discriminate between the two age classes and a preference for infant over
adult images. Next, VPCs were tested in CM subjects using heterospecific JM stimuli. CM subjects showed
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