water and sanitation in schools a systematic review of the health and educational outcomes水和卫生设施在学校系统回顾的健康和教育的结果.pdfVIP
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water and sanitation in schools a systematic review of the health and educational outcomes水和卫生设施在学校系统回顾的健康和教育的结果
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2012, 9, 2772-2787; doi:10.3390/ijerph9082772
OPEN ACCESS
International Journal of
Environmental Research and
Public Health
ISSN 1660-4601
/journal/ijerph
Review
Water and Sanitation in Schools: A Systematic Review of the
Health and Educational Outcomes
Christian Jasper 1, Thanh-Tam Le 2 and Jamie Bartram 1,*
1 The Water Institute, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, CB #7431, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
E-Mail:cjasper@
2 Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 South Road, Chapel Hill,
NC 27599, USA; E-Mail: let@
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: jbartram@;
Tel.: +1-919-966-3934; Fax: +1-919-966-7911.
Received : 4 May 2012; in revised form: 14 July 2012 / Accepted: 17 July 2012 /
Published : 3 August 2012
Abstract: A systematic review of the literature on the effects of water and sanitation in
schools was performed. The goal was to characterize the impacts of water and sanitation
inadequacies in the academic environment. Published peer reviewed literature was
screened and articles that documented the provision of water and sanitation at schools were
considered. Forty-one peer-reviewed papers met the criteria of exploring the effects of the
availability of water
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