肺炎链球菌肺炎（streptococcus pneumonia）.docVIP

肺炎链球菌肺炎（streptococcus pneumonia） [disease name] Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia [disease overview] Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (streptococcuspneumoniae), or pneumonia (pneumoCOccalpnenmoniae) caused by pneumonia, accounting for about half of community acquired pneumonia. Usually the rapid onset; with high fever, chills, cough, bloody sputum and chest pain characteristics. Chest X-ray shows acute inflammatory changes of the lung segment or lobe. In recent years, because of the widespread use of antibiotics, the mode of onset, symptoms and X ray changes are not typical. [pathogeny and pathogenesis] Streptococcus pneumoniae is gram positive cocci, which are arranged in pairs or short chains. The size of the capsule is related to the structure and content of polysaccharides in the capsule. According to the antigenic characteristics of capsular polysaccharides, Streptococcus pneumoniae can be divided into 86 serotypes. Most of the adult pathogenic bacteria belonged to type 1~9 and 12, and the virulence of type third was the strongest, while those of children were 6, 14, 19 and 23. Streptococcus pneumoniae can survive for several months in the dry sputum, but the sun for L hours, or heating to 52 C10 minutes to kill, also very sensitive to carbolic acid disinfectant. When the immune function of the organism is normal, Streptococcus pneumoniae is a normal flora residing in the mouth and nasopharynx, and the rate of its carriage varies with age, season and immune status. When the immune function of the organism is damaged, the virulent Streptococcus pneumoniae invades the human body and causes the disease. In addition to pneumonia, a small number of bacteremia or septic shock may occur, and the condition of the elderly and infants is particularly serious. Onset of winter and early spring are more often associated with respiratory viral infection parallel. The patient is often the original healthy young adults or elderly and in