脑出血的护理（Nursing care of cerebral hemorrhage）.docVIP

脑出血的护理（Nursing care of cerebral hemorrhage） General nursing: In acute stage of cerebral hemorrhage, absolute rest in bed should be kept. Keep quiet and reduce unnecessary transportation so as to prevent bleeding. A large number of cerebral hemorrhage coma patients, 24-48 hours fasting, in order to prevent vomit reflux to the trachea, causing asphyxia or aspiration pneumonia. Clear the respiratory tract secretion in time, keep unobstructed, prevent brain anoxia. Strengthen oral care and prevent complications of oral bacterial infection. Turn over regularly, keep the skin clean and dry, prevent bedsore from occurring. Urine retention should be placed indwelling catheter, regular urine discharge. When the catheter is placed, the operation is strictly aseptic, and the urinary tract infection is prevented. Constipation with laxatives, or Enema Glycerini help defecation. Control cerebral edema and reduce intracranial pressure: the patient should stay in bed and raise the head by 15 degrees -30 degrees to facilitate venous return and reduce intracranial pressure. Oxygen inhalation can improve cerebral hypoxia and reduce cerebral edema. The head ice pack can reduce head temperature and increase the tolerance of brain tissue to hypoxia. Mannitol and other dehydrating agents can reduce intracranial pressure rapidly and effectively. Attention should be paid to the rapid infusion rate of mannitol in order to ensure the effect of lowering intracranial pressure. The blood pressure remains at an appropriate level, ensuring effective perfusion pressure and preventing bleeding due to high blood pressure. Observation of condition: Acute phase of dynamic observation of vital signs, including consciousness, the pupil, blood pressure, pulse and breathing, measured every half hour 1 times, after a smooth, 2-4 hours 1 times, and carefully recorded. The intellectual impairment is aggravated or agitated, the double pupils are unequal, the reaction to the light is slow, the pulse is slow and