自然常识之环境气候知识（Natural knowledge of the environment, climate, knowledge）.docVIP

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自然常识之环境气候知识（Natural knowledge of the environment, climate, knowledge）.doc

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自然常识之环境气候知识（Natural knowledge of the environment, climate, knowledge）

自然常识之环境气候知识（Natural knowledge of the environment, climate, knowledge） Natural knowledge of the environment, climate, knowledge 1. atmosphere? The atmosphere is the outer atmosphere of the earth, mainly composed of nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide, accounting for 99.99% of the dry air, and many trace elements. In addition to outgassing, water droplets, ice crystals and solid particles are suspended in the atmosphere. The whole atmosphere with different heights showed different characteristics, divided into the troposphere, stratosphere, the middle layer and the warm layer and the exosphere. ? 2. troposphere? The lowest layer of the atmosphere is closely related to the living things on the earth. The troposphere is only 8~17 kilometers thick, but it concentrates more than 90% of the water vapor. The upper and lower convection of the air layer is strong, so the wind, rain, lightning, electricity, frost and hail can form atmospheric phenomena. The temperature of this layer decreases with increasing altitude, and the temperature drops by about 1 degrees per 5~6 km. ? 3. stratosphere? Above the troposphere is the stratosphere, about 20~50 kilometers from the earths surface. The rarefied air and steady atmospheric flow are ideal places for high-speed jet flights. Stratospheric water vapor and dust rarely, and in the 30 kilometers below the stratosphere, the temperature at -55 degrees celsius. The stratosphere is also the place where ozone concentrations are concentrated. ? 4., the influence factors of solar radiation intensity? (1) latitude position: latitude is low, then noon, the sun height angle is large, the solar radiation through the atmosphere is short, less weakened by the atmosphere, the sun radiation on the ground is strong; otherwise, it is weak. This is one of the reasons for the decrease of solar radiation from low latitudes to polar poles. ? (2) the weather: sunny weather, because few and thin clouds, the atmosphere to weaken the role of solar radiation is