药理考试重点（Pharmacological examination emphasis）.docVIP

药理考试重点（Pharmacological examination emphasis） 1, pharmacokinetics: application of dynamic principle and mathematical model, the quantitative description of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion process along with the dynamic changes of time subject, namely the relationship between the presence of the drug in vivo location, quantity and time. 2 half-life: the time required to reduce the plasma concentration by half. 3 、 competitive antagonist: highly affinity with receptor and binding with receptor, but its intrinsic activity is 0, but it can block the action of receptor agonist. The binding to the receptor is reversible. 4 bioavailability: refers to the extent and rate of absorption of drugs into the circulation of the blood. The relative amount of the drug entering the circulation of the blood indicates the degree of absorption, and the peak time of the blood concentration indicates the absorption rate 5, treatment index: the ratio of drug LD50 to ED50 is an indicator of drug safety 6, drug abuse: deviate from the medical, preventive and health purposes, intermittent or continuous self excessive drug use behavior. The use of drugs is characterized by uncontrolled, repeated use of drugs, often resulting in personal and physical harm to drugs, which in turn leads to serious harm to society. 7, drug tolerance: refers to the body under repeated medication conditions, the gradual decline in the state of drug response. Additional doses must be added to obtain the same effect as the original dose 8, clinical trials: any systematic research of drugs in the human body, to confirm or reveal the test drugs, adverse reactions and test drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. The purpose is to determine the efficacy and safety of drug test. 9, partial agonist drug and receptor binding and affinity with receptor agonists is similar, but the intrinsic activity of small, only have weak physiological effects, but also can prevent other agonists and