（创新设计）（天津专用）高中英语 1.4 Grammar课件 外研版选修8.pptVIP

3．亮点句式： ①What impresses tourists most is favorable climate. ②Especially attractive are the building groups of the Eastern-and-Western-style-mixed houses and villas. ③It has played an important role in the development of the foreign trade of our country. ④It is a pearl shining on the coast of Huanghai Sea. * 一、主语 Period Four Grammar(1) Grammar(2) 主语定义 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体。主语一般位于句首，但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中，主语位于be动词、助动词或情态动词后面。 主语 表现 形式 名词 Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth. 主语表现形式 代词 We often speak English in class. 数词 One third of the students in this class are girls. 不定式 To swim in the Lijiang River is a great pleasure. 动名词 Smoking does harm to the health. 名词化的形容词 The rich are not always happy. 主语从句 When we are going to have an English test has not been decided yet. it作形式主语 It is necessary to master a foreign language. 介词短语作主语 From Shanghai to Nanjing is about 300 kilometers. 主谓 一致 (1)语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。They often play football on the playground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。 (2)意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。My family are having lunch now.我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.这本书20美元太贵了。 主谓一致 (3)就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近它的主语。 Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书 注 意 事 项 (1)动词不定式、动名词，或者主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 To say something is usually easier than to do something.说一些事往往要比做一些事容易。 Whether he will come is still unknown.他是否会来还不知道。 注意：①当若干个动词不定式、动名词或主语从句被and连接起来当主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。 What he says and what he does dont agree.他言行不一致。 注 意 事 项 ②由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容若是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。What we need is more time.我们需要的是更多的时间。 (2)“就近一致”原则。 当一个句子有两个主语，这两个主语又是由“not only...but also”， “either...or...”，“neither...nor”连接起来时，谓语动词和离它最近的主语保持一致。 Not only he but also I am good at English.我们俩英语都不错。 注 意 事 项 (3)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，常作为一个整体来看，谓语动词用单数。 25，000 miles is a long distance.两万五千里