省略句__高中英语.pptVIP

省略(Ellipsis) 省略(Ellipsis) 不能破坏语法结构； 要保持句子意义的准确无误； 省略的成分和含义应该能从上下文或具体语言环境中找到。 一、简单句中的省略 1）感叹句中常省略主语和谓语： What a hot day ! How wonderful ! 2） 在一些口语中可以省略某些句子成分： Anything else ? —Are you feeling better now ? — Much better . This way, please. 二、 并列句中的省略 1） 如果主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略谓语动词中相同的部分： John must have been playing basketball and Mary doing her homework. 2） 如果主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则二者都可以省略： His advice made John happy, but Mary angry. 3）如果主语相同，而谓语不同，则可以省略主语： He gave up drinking for several days, but soon returned to his old ways. 4）在并列复合句中，如果that从句从属于第二个并列句且它的谓语动词和宾语等其它一些成分与第一个并列句相同， that从句通常可以省略这些相同的部分： Jack will take part in the party, but I know Tom wont. 三、复合句中的省略 1）作宾语的名词性从句中，如果谓语与主句的相同，则从句可以省略谓语，甚至主语： Someone has used my bike, but I dont know who. He has gone, but no one knows where. 2）引导宾语从句的连词that在口语中常常省略,或并列的宾语从句中的第一个连词that也能省略: He said he had arrived here two days before and that he had lived in a hotel. 3）在某些表虚拟语气名词从句中，从句助动词should可以省略。（这些动词的派生词也有相同用法） 一个坚持(insist)， 二个命令(order, command)， 三个建议 (suggest, propose, advise )， 四个要求 (demand, require, request, ask) 1）当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词： He did as told. Though tired, they went on working. You shouldnt come to his party unless invited. He paused as if expecting her to speak. 2)虚拟条件句中,含助动词,情态动词,动词be或have等,若将它们提到句首,则需省略if: Should it rain tomorrow ,we would have to put off the visit till next week. 四、动词不定式中的省略 1）有些动词，如：believe, find, think, feel, consider, imagine, prove等后作宾补的结构to be + n. / adj. 中的to be可以省略： I consider him stupid. His mother found him a clever boy. 2）感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice 等以及使役动词let, make, have后作宾补的动词不定式中的不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构时，to必须保留： They made the boy go to bed early. The boy was made to go to bed early. 3) 动词不定式在作宾语时，为了避免重复,常承前省略不定式后的内容,但要保留不定式符号to: I have asked her to come， but she does not want to． ---Are you and Jane getting married？ ---We hope to． 注意：want， like用在 when，if, what，as 引导的从句中，其后的to也常可省略： Ive decided to