从认知角度谈汉英“人生”隐喻的比较分析研究2.docVIP

上海海事大学 SHANGHAI MARITIME UNIVERSITY 硕 士 学 位 论 文 MASTER’S DISSERTATION 论文题目：从认知角度谈汉英“人生”隐喻的比较研究学位专业：外国语言学及应用语言学 作者姓名：孙瑜 指导教师：郑立信教授 完成日期：二O O七年六月 A Comparative Study of LIFE Metaphors in Chinese and English from the Cognitive Perspective By Sun Yu Under the Supervision of Professor Zheng Lixin A Thesis Submitted to the College of Foreign Languages of Shanghai Maritime University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for MA Degree Shanghai Maritime University May 2007 Acknowledgements First of all, I would express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor Prof. Zheng Lixin. But for his painstaking modifications and invaluable suggestions during the course of the birth of this thesis, I could not have possibly accomplished it. Besides, I am extremely grateful to Prof. Wang Jvquan for his important directions and thought-provoking lectures on contrastive linguistics. My heartfelt thanks also go to Prof. Wang Dawei, Prof. Han Zhonghua, Prof. Wu Jianguo, Prof. Cai Yongliang, Prof. Yuan Yongfang, Prof. Shi Dongqin and to other teachers of my postgraduate courses for their inspiration and enlightenment. I am also indebted to my roommates Wang Xuan and Chen Song, and to all my classmates, especially to Huang Landan, Li Xin, Feng Jianwen and Zhu Lei. They offered me great help and unwavering encouragement in learning and made my two- year postgraduate studies more meaningful and more colorful. Last but not least, my special thanks are due to my parents and friends for their care and support during the course of the accomplishment of this thesis. 摘 要 1980年Metaphor We Live By的出版，使隐喻研究从此摆脱了以文学和修辞学为本的传统隐喻理论的束缚，正式纳入认知科学的新领域。认知隐喻观认为隐喻是认知的，概念的，它广泛地存在于人们的生活中，是人们对抽象概念认识和表达的有利工具，是我们“赖以生存的隐喻”。 近几十年来，国外学术界的“隐喻热”、“隐喻革命”也引发了国内研究认知隐喻观的热潮，目前国内阐释隐喻认知理论的专著和文章较多，但系统的英汉隐喻认知比较研究的专著和文章较少，且比较的对象多集中于空间，时间，情感等有限的几个方面。事实上，对英语以外的其他的语言的隐喻系统做大量的基础研究是当代隐喻认知研究面临的一个重大课题，因此对汉语中的隐喻认知现象做系统的研究具有相当的研究价值和现实意义。 本论文从认知语言学的角度对英汉两者语言中关于“人生”隐喻的表达进行了系统的比较研究。作者首先对国内外的隐喻研究进行了简要的梳理和总结，分别介绍了西方历史上