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Available online /content/8/4/110 Commentary The RNA interference pathway: a new target for autoimmunity Ger JM Pruijn Department of Biochemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Corresponding author: Ger JM Pruijn, G.Pruijn@ncmls.ru.nl Published: 22 June 2006 Arthritis Research Therapy 2006, 8:110 (doi:10.1186/ar1987) This article is online at /content/8/4/110 © 2006 BioMed Central Ltd See related research article by Jakymiw et al., /content/8/4/R87 Abstract important roles in a variety of RNA metabolic processes Many intracellular macromolecular complexes that are involved in (Table 1) [2]. The recent work by Jakymiw and colleagues [3] the production or degradation of RNAs are targeted by auto- shows that components of the RNA interference machinery antibodies in systemic autoimmune diseases. RNA interference are also recognized by autoantibodies, referred to as anti-Su (RNAi) is a recently characterized gene silencing pathway by which antibodies. specific mRNAs are either degraded or translationally suppressed. In a recent issue of Arthritis Research and Therapy, Andrew RNA interference (RNAi) is a recently identified mechanism Jakymiw and colleagues reported that the enigmatic Su auto- antigen complex contains key components of the RNAi machinery. by which gene expression can be controlled post-transcrip- Anti-Su autoantibodies from both human patients with rheumatic tionally [4]. RNAi is mediated by small RNA molecules, 21 diseases and a mouse model of autoimmunity recognize the endo- to 25 nucleotide