原创力文档the systemic and pulmonary immune response to staphylococcal enterotoxins葡萄球菌肠毒素的全身和肺免疫反应.pdfVIP
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the systemic and pulmonary immune response to staphylococcal enterotoxins葡萄球菌肠毒素的全身和肺免疫反应
Toxins 2010, 2, 1898-1912; doi:10.3390/toxins2071898
OPEN ACCESS
toxins
ISSN 2072-6651
/journal/toxins
Review
The Systemic and Pulmonary Immune Response to
Staphylococcal Enterotoxins
Sanjeev Kumar, Antoine Ménoret, Soo-Mun Ngoi and Anthony T. Vella *
Department of Immunology-MC3710, University of Connecticut Heath Center, 263 Farmington
Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; E-Mails: kumar@ (S.K.);
menoret@ (A.M.); sngoi@ (S.-M.N.)
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: vella@;
Tel.: +1 860 679 4364; Fax: +1 860 679 8130.
Received: 21 June 2010 / Accepted: 12 July 2010 / Published: 21 July 2010
Abstract: In response to environmental cues the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus
synthesizes and releases proteinaceous enterotoxins. These enterotoxins are natural
etiologic entities of severe food poisoning, toxic shock syndrome, and acute diseases.
Staphylococcal enterotoxins are currently listed as Category B Bioterrorism Agents by the
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. They are associated with respiratory illnesses,
and may contribute to exacerbation of pulmonary disease. This likely stems from the
ability of Staphylococcal enterotoxins to elicit powerful episodes of T cell stimulation
resulting in release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Here, we discuss the role of the immune
system and potential mechanisms of disease initiation and progression.
Keywords: superantigen; T cells; staphylococcal enterot
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