the temporal requirements for insulin signaling during development in drosophila胰岛素信号的时间要求在开发过程中在果蝇.pdfVIP

Open access, freely available online PLoS BIOLOGY The Temporal Requirements for Insulin Signaling During Development in Drosophila 1* 1 2 1 Alexander W. Shingleton , Jayatri Das , Lucio Vinicius , David L. Stern 1 Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America, 2 Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom Recent studies have indicated that the insulin-signaling pathway controls body and organ size in Drosophila, and most metazoans, by signaling nutritional conditions to the growing organs. The temporal requirements for insulin signaling during development are, however, unknown. Using a temperature-sensitive insulin receptor (Inr) mutation in Drosophila, we show that the developmental requirements for Inr activity are organ specific and vary in time. Early in development, before larvae reach the ‘‘critical size’’ (the size at which they commit to metamorphosis and can complete development without further feeding), Inr activity influences total development time but not final body and organ size. After critical size, Inr activity no longer affects total development time but does influence final body and organ size. Final body size is affected by Inr activity from critical size until pupariation, whereas final organ size is sensitive to Inr activity from critical size until early pupal development. In addition, different organs show different sensitivities to changes in Inr activity for different periods of development, implicating the insulin pathway in the control of organ allometry. The reduction in Inr activity is acc