the toxic effects and mechanisms of cuo and zno nanoparticles错和氧化锌纳米颗粒的毒性作用及机制.pdfVIP

Materials 2012, 5, 2850-2871; doi:10.3390/ma5122850 OPEN ACCESS materials ISSN 1996-1944 /journal/materials Review The Toxic Effects and Mechanisms of CuO and ZnO Nanoparticles Ya-Nan Chang 1,†, Mingyi Zhang 1,†, Lin Xia 2, Jun Zhang 2,* and Gengmei Xing 1,* 1 Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; E-Mails: changyn@ (Y.-N.C.); zhangmy@ (M.Z.); 2 School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; E-Mail: xialin@ (L.X.) † These authors contributed equally to this work. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: xinggm@ (G.X.); zhangjun@ (J.Z.); Tel.: +86-10(G.X.); +86-10085 (J.Z.); Fax: +86-10(G.X.) Received: 1 August 2012; in revised form: 24 September 2012 / Accepted: 3 December 2012 / Published: 13 December 2012 Abstract: Recent nanotechnological advances suggest that metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have been expected to be used in various fields, ranging from catalysis and opto-electronic materials to sensors, environmental remediation, and biomedicine. However, the growing use of NPs has led to their release into environment and the toxicity of metal oxide NPs on organisms has become a concern to both the public and scientists. Unfortunately, there are still widespread controversies and ambiguities with respect to the toxic effects and mechanisms of metal oxide NPs. Compre