白血病的分类（Classification of leukemia）.doc

白血病的分类（Classification of leukemia） Classification of leukemia (1) acute leukemia; Acute leukemia is a group of hematopoietic tissue of primary malignant hematological diseases, and is characterized in that the bone marrow and other hematopoietic proliferation of leukemia cell and extensive infiltration to other tissues and organs, leading to the normal hematopoietic failure, showed a significant reduction of normal hematopoietic cell. The main clinical manifestations were fever, hemorrhage, anemia, enlargement of the liver, spleen and lymph nodes. Is generally believed that the occurrence of this disease with ionizing radiation, some chemicals, drugs, viruses and genetic factors, but also affected the immune state and humoral factors, leading to malignant transformation of hematopoietic cells, leukemia cells proliferation and malignant bone marrow infiltration and other organizations, resulting in a significant reduction of normal hematopoietic cell, appear unable to control bleeding and infection and death. From the clinical perspective, we divided the disease into two categories: acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute non lymphocytic leukemia, and then subdivided their subtypes. (2) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is divided into three subtypes, L1, L2, L3, according to the morphological and clinical prognosis of ALL. Type L1: mainly small lymphocytes, small cytoplasm, high nucleus, pulp proportion, nuclear rules, uniform and dense chromatin, unclear nucleoli. Type L2: most cell volume is 2 times of small lymphocyte, partial cell size is obviously heterogeneous, cytoplasm is medium, basophilic, chromatin is diffuse, dense or dense, and nucleoli are clear, one or more. Type L3: consisting of uniformly large cells, rich cytoplasm, deep basophilic, mostly clear vesicles, round nuclei, dense and dense chromatin, and two clear nuclei, one or more. The classification is closely related to the clinical prognosis. The prognosis of type L1 is better than that of type L2