论文：露天矿大面积小煤窑自燃火灾探测及综合治理技术研究.doc

露天矿大面积小煤窑自燃火灾探测及综合治理技术研究 邬剑明，张晋花，吴玉国 （太原理工大学 矿业工程学院，山西 太原 030024） 摘 要：本文阐述了同位素测氡法和红外探测法探测火源的、步骤和结果，在确定火区范围的基础上通过综合分析火区特征，比较常用的煤田灭火方法工艺、优缺点和适用条件，结合地理环境、煤层特点及生产规划，兼顾经济、环境和社会效益的原则，提出“火区（塌陷区）剥离平整－火区（塌陷区）内灌黄泥浆、黄土分层覆盖碾压－火区边界打钻注浆隔离、局部煤层露头火剥挖－回填绿化”的综合灭火技术方案,并在准格尔煤田焦稍流域露天矿小煤窑进行了应用。该探测和灭火方法适合治理大面积露天矿小煤窑自燃火区，探测精度高，灭火成本低、效果好、安全性高，打破了露天矿长期以来单一的剥离灭火方法，最大限度地减小了对生态环境的负面影响。 关健词：煤田火灾；同位素测氡法；红外探测法；挖除火源；钻孔注浆；黄土覆盖 中图分类号：TD 75+1 文献标识码：A omprehensive control technology of spontaneous combustion of small coal mines in large areas of open pit Wu Jian-ming，Zhang in-hua，Wu u-guo (College of Mining Engineering，Taiyuan University of Technology，Taiyuan 030024，China) Abstract: principles, procedures and results of Rn measurement and infrared detection on fire sources used for fire extinguishment in coal fields were compared to make clear their advantages and disadvantages as well as their suitable condition by comprehensively analyzing the characteristics of the fire region. in view of the geographic environment, the characteristics of coal seam and the production plan, more importantly, a full consideration of economic, environment and social effects, the comprehensive measures on fire control were put forward based on” exfoliating the fire region (subsidence area) into flattening—pouring yellow mud in fire region (subsidence area), covering and grinding loess hierarchically — drilling, grouting and isolating in the boundary of fire region, exploiting outcrop fire in partial coal seams — backfilling and greening”, applied to small coal mines of open pits, with high accuracy, low cost and high security, breaking the normal procedure like exfoliating fire region only used for fire extinguishment in open pits and reducing the harmful effects on the ecological environment by the greatest extent. Key words: coalfield fire; Rn measurement; infrared detection; excavating fire source; drilling and grouting; loess-covering(煤田火灾在世界各地均有发生，我国的煤火情势较严重。煤火严重影响着当地的经济发展和生态环境，治理煤火迫在眉睫[]。我国政府对煤火极为重视,并将其列