动词法 - 副本.pptVIP

动词法 The rules and usages of main verbs I. Five Forms Regular main verbs have five forms that are constructed in this way: 1. base form: The base form is what we find in dictionary entries: laugh, mention, play. 2. -s form: The -s form adds to the base form an ending in -s: laughs, mentions, plays. 3. -ing participle: The -ing participle adds to the base form an ending in -ing: laughing, mentioning, playing. 4. -ed form (past): The -ed form adds to the base form an ending in -ed: laughed, mentioned, played. 5. -ed participle Distinguish five forms of verbs. 1. base form: laugh hear cut speak 2. -s form: laughs hears cuts speaks 3. -ing participle: laughing hearing cutting speaking 4. past form: laughed heard cut spoke 5. -ed participle: laughed heard cut spoken be The irregular verb be has the most forms, eight in all: base form be present am, is, are past was, were -ing participle being -ed participle been Irregular verbs There are over 250 irregular verbs in English. Apart from the verb be, the -s form and the -ing participle can be predicted for all verbs from the base form. We therefore need list only three forms to show irregularities: the base, past, and –ed participle. These three forms are known as the principal parts of the verb. bend bent bent ; earn earnt earnt build built built; learn learnt learnt have had had ;smell smelt smelt make made made ;spoil spoilt spoilt mow mowed mown :shear sheared shorn show showed shown: swell swelled swollen buy bought bought; dream dreamt dreamt hear heard heard; kneel knelt knelt lose lost lost; lean leant leant say said said; leap leapt leapt blow blew blown; see saw seen break broke broken; take took taken hide hid hidden ; tear tore torn lie lay lain ;write wrote written bleed bled bled; get got got dig dug dug ; hold held held find found found : strike struck struck fight fought fought: win won won burst fit hit rid hurt sweat let wet -ed form The -ed form represents two distinct functions that are differentia