Chapter two Part one英美国家概况.pdfVIP

Chapter 2 HiHissttooryry The Founding of the Nation The Native Celts Began to arrive about 800 700 BC From eastern and Central Europe The name Britain came from the Britons, a Celtic tribe. It is believed that the Celtic tribes are ancestors of the Highland Scots, the Irish and the Welsh. The Celts’ religion was Druidism(德鲁伊 教) . The Druids performed their rites in forests by the light of the moon. The Celts created their own civilization. For example: the historical Stonehenge in Salisbury(索尔兹伯里). The Stonehenge was a circular arrangement of monoliths built by the ancient Britons for purposes still unknown to modern historians. Roman Britain (55 BC 410 AD) British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion. 55 B.C. Roman army led by Julius Caesar invaded England, the Romans withdrew soon after. 54 B.C. Julius Caesar invaded Britain for the second time. TThheeyy ddiid nod nott ssttaayy llongong iinn EEngngllaand.nd. 43 AD, Emperor Claudius invaded Britain without much resistance. They got possession of what is now England by driving many of the native Celts into mountainous Scotland and Wales. The Romans failed to conquer Scotland. They built two great walls, the Hadrian s Wall(哈德良 长城)and the Antonine Wall (安东尼墙). Roman’s Contributions The Romans introduced the Roman civilization into England. They drained marshes, cleared away forests, built roads and taught the Britons to cultivate their land in a better way. The Romans built a network of roads between the large towns. The Romans also brought the new religion, Christianity, to Britain. For nearly 400 years, Britain was under the Roman occupation. England became part of the Roman Empire, but the Roman influence upon the Britons was limited and short-lived. The Romans always treated the Britons as a slave class and there was no intermarry. As a result, the Romans had no impact on the native l