关于问题意识在科技创新中的作用.pdfVIP

摘要 问题是科学研究的逻辑起点，是推动科学发展的契机。凡具有重大创新价值 的科学问题，通常都伴随着新思想、新思路、新发现、及至新理论、新实践，推 动着科学进步，促进着科技发展。所谓“问题意识”就是问题的主观观念。它是 一种怀疑、批判、追问、质询和探索的精神，对科学工作者进行科学研究至关重 要。问题意识的重要性要大于问题的重要性，没有问题意识就不会提出问题。问 题意识是创新人才不可或缺的必要素质，它在科技创新过程中常常起着决定性作 用。本文从考察科学研究的逻辑起点、问题的定义以及真假问题入手，区分了“问 题”与“科学问题”，并通过对爱因斯坦、卡尔·波普尔和拉里·劳丹的问题观 的考察，将问题与科技创新相结合，阐述了科技创新总是问题在先，问题的解决 产生科学理论，科学理论的发展需要新的问题，从而揭示问题意识的重要性和问 题意识在科技创新中的理论和实践意义。本文重点讲述了问题与科技创新的关 系，详述了问题意识在科技创新中的理论和实践意义，其目的是打破问题与创新 单独研究的局面，强调问题对科学创新的重要性和必要性，以及问题意识对科技 工作者在进行科技创新过程中的指向和启发作用。 关键词：问题；科学问题；问题意识；科技创新 I Abstract Problem are the logical starting point of scientific research and is the opportunity promote of scientific development. All of the presentations of major science questions often are accompanied by new thoughts, new ideas, new discoveries, naive theories and new practices. It promotes the progress of science and a major development of technological innovation simultaneity. Problem consciousness are the subjective concept of Problems, it is a doubt, a critical spirit, a query, an interpellation, an exploration and essential for scientific research scientists. The significance of problem consciousness is greater than that of the problem, there is no problem consciousness we would not have proposed the problem. Problem consciousness is an indispensable need for innovative person with ability, and often plays a decisive role in the process of technological innovation. In this paper, from the logical starting point for studying scientific research, the definition of the problem and truth or false problems, the problem and science question is distinguished. By researching Einstein, Karl Popper and Larry Laudans concept of problem and combining the problem with technological innovation, it is stated that