组蛋白甲基转移酶研究进展.pdfVIP

HEREDITAS (Beijing) 2007 9 29(9): 1035 ―1041 ISSN 0253-9772 综述 DOI: 10.1360/yc-007-1035 1, 2 1 1 2 1 谢萍 , 田春艳 , 张令强 , 安利国 , 贺福初 1. , , 100850 2. , 250014 : 组蛋白的甲基化修饰主要是由一类含有SET 结构域的蛋白来执行的, 组蛋白甲基化修饰参与异染色质形 成、基因印记、X 染色体失活和转录调控等多种主要生理功能, 组蛋白的修饰作用是表观遗传学研究的一个重 要领域。组蛋白甲基化的异常与肿瘤发生等多种人类疾病相关, 可以特异性地激活或者抑制基因的转录活性。 研究发现, 组蛋白甲基转移酶的作用对象不仅仅限于组蛋白, 某些非组蛋白也可以被组蛋白甲基转移酶甲基 化, 这将为探明细胞内部基因转录、信号转导、甚至个体的发育和分化机制提供更广阔的空间。 : 组蛋白甲基转移酶; SET 结构域; 组蛋白密码; 肿瘤抑制; 非组蛋白 Progress in the study of histone methyltransferases 1, 2 1 1 2 1 XIE Ping , TIAN Chun-Yan , ZHANG Ling-Qiang , AN Li-Guo , HE Fu-Chu 1. State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China 2. College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University , Ji ’nan 250014, China Abstract: Site- and state-specific lysine methylation of histones is catalyzed by a family of proteins including those contain the evolutionarily conserved SET domain. Research on histone methyltransferases is a part of epigenetics, which plays a fundamental role in heterochromatin formation, X-chromosome inactivation and transcription regula- tion. Aberrant histone methylation was linked to a number of developmental disorders and human disease including several carcinomas. Histone lysine methylation is a functionally complex process, as it can either activate or repress transcription, depending on sequence-specific lysine methylation site in histones. Non-histone proteins were found to be methylated by SET domain-containing histone methyltransferases whose primary targets were presumed to be histones. The researches on histone methyltrans