万吨甲醇精馏工艺计算0.docVIP

15万吨甲醇精馏工艺计算 1、主塔塔板数的计算. 由所提供的资料知D=20t/h，出塔甲醇含量为99.9827%,塔釜含量为0.03%,进塔为82%,并可计算以下数据 xD = =0.9997 xW= =0.000169 xF= =0.720 ? ?? ?= = =0.72 F= t/h=27.78t/hW=F-D=7.78t/h Nm= ? ?= = =1.5420 Nm= =38.78 39 ? ?? ? 当q=1时， x1= xFye= = =0.799 ? ?? ? 由 = 可知Rmin= = =2.54 R=1.5Rmin, = =0.2625 ? ?? ? 根据吉利兰联图查得 =0.45  =0.45，N=71.72 72块 2、主塔塔径的计算： L=RD=3.8×20t/h=76000kg/h. M=76000/32=2375kmol/h. V0=2375×22.4=53200Nm3/h 操作状态下体积：V1= =55041.82 Nm3/h 气体负荷 Vs=55041.82/3600=15.3 Nm3/s 液体负荷 Ls=76000/3600=21.11 kg/s t= =74.5当t=74.5时，100%甲醇密度为0.796kg/m3 Ls=21.11/0.796=26.52 L/s=0.02652m3/s 气体密度：γv=7.6×104/53200=1.43kg/m3 液体密度：74.5时，γL=796Kg/m3 FLV= =0.041 74.5时,σ甲醇=17.7×10-5N/cmσ水=65×10-5N/cm 平均组成甲醇（0.9997+0.72）/2=0.86则水为 1-0.86=0.14 则平均表面积张力 σ平均=17.7×10-5×0.86+65×10-5×0.14=2.43×10-4 N/cm=24.3dyn/cm 设 HT=0.5mh′L=0.07HT －h′L=0.43m查得 C20=0.091 C= =0.0946 ug(max)=C =2.23 m/s 取泛点的百分率为80%，表观空塔气相速度（按全塔截面计）u′=(0.6～0.8) ug(max), u′=0.8 ug(max) =0.8×2.23=1.784m/s , D′= = =3.31m 去塔径为3.4m. 操作空塔气速u= =1.686m/s 初步核算 雾沫夹带取lW=0.7D=0.7×3.4m=2.38m AT=∏D2/4=0.785× (3.4)2=9.0746m2 查得Af/AT=0.0878,∴Af=0.878AT=9.0746×0.878=0.8m2 ug= = =1.84m/s.hf=2.5hc′=0.175m ev=0.22×( )[ ]3.2= ( )×( )3.2 = ( )×( )3.2=0.061 kg/kg汽0.1kg/kg汽 停留时间 = = =15.08＞5S 从以上两相核算初步认为塔径可取3.4m是合适的. (2)塔板结构型式确定采用单流型. 因为LS=0.02652m3/s=94.5 m3/h＜110 (3)堰及降液管设计 堰长: lw=0.7D=2.38m 求how = =10.93 查得E=1.03. how=0.00284E( )2/3=0.00284×1.03×( )2/3=0.0343m 求液面的梯降 B=(lw+D)/2=(2.38+3.4)/2=2.89m 查得Wd=0.143D=0.4862m=0.35cp Z1=D-2Wd=3.4-2×0.4862=2.4276m hf=2.5hL=2.5×0.07=0.175m. △= =0.0001364(可忽略) 求hL设h/L=0.07m 故hW=h/L- how=0.07-0.0343=0.0357m 取hW为40mm. 则hL=hW+ how=0.04+0.0343=0.0743m≈h/L(h/L的假设值合理) 再求ho 假设ho比hW低13mm ho= hW-0.013=0.04-0.013=0.027m 故取ho=25mm (4)筛孔布置 取d0=4mmt/d0=3.5 则t=14 mm 由图查得AO/Aa=0.074即开孔面积与开孔区面积之比. 取WS=0.1m, WC=0.08 m χ/γ=(1.57/1.45)=0.94 由图得Aa=4.5㎡ .由图得n′=6000个/㎡ n=6000×4.5=27000个 (5)干板压降 取 =3mm, =1.33.由图得CO =0.84 hc=0.0512 ( )2( )=0.2752 m液柱 (6)稳定性 h = = =0.00311液柱 Uom=4.4CO = 4.4×0.84 =9.388m/s K= ??取实际的孔速为15 m/s