第三节·定积分换元积分法和fenbujifenfa.pdf

Section 5.3 Integration by Substitutions and by parts 1 Integration by Substitutions for definite integrals b When we want to evaluate the value of a definite integral ∫a f (x )dx , if we can find the corresponding indefinite integral ∫f (x )dx , then we can use the Newton-Leibniz formula to obtain the value immediately. Theorem. (Integration by substitution for definite integrals) Suppose that the function x ϕ(t ) is continuously differentiable on the interval [α,β ], ϕ(α) a , ϕ(β) b , and that f is continuous in the range of ϕ , I . Then b β ′ f (x )dx f ϕ(t ) ϕ (t )dt . ∫a ∫α [ ] 2 Integration by Substitutions for definite integrals Proof. Let F be an antiderivative of f on the interval I , then b ∫a f (x )dx F (b ) =−F (a ) . Since d ′ F ϕ(t ) f ϕ(t ) ϕ (t ) , [ ] [ ] dt so β ′ β f ϕ (t ) ϕ(t )dt F ϕ(t ) F ϕβ( ) −F ϕα( ) ∫α [ ] [ ]α [ ] [ ]