第三单元 科技英语翻译 3a.ppt

科技英语翻译的基本方法和技巧 词义的选择 英汉两种语言都有一词多类、一词多义的现象。 一词多类就是指一个词往往属于几个词类，具有几个不同的意思。 一词多义就是说同一个词在同一个词类中，又往往有几个不同的词义。 根据词类选择词义 An electron is an extremely small corpuscle with negative charge which rounds about the nucleus of an atom. 电子是绕着原子核转动带有负电荷的极其微小的粒子。（动词） The earth goes round the sun. 地球环绕太阳运行。（介词） Round surface reflector is a key unit for the solar energy device. 弯曲面反射器是太阳能装置的关键元件。（形容词） The tree measures forty inches round. 这棵树树围40英寸。（副词） This is the whole round of knowledge. 这就是全部的知识范围。（名词） Like charges repel, unlike charges attract. 同性电荷相斥，异性电荷相吸。（形容词） In the sunbeam passing through the window there are fine grains of dust shining like gold. 在射入窗内的阳光里，细微的尘埃象金子一般在闪闪发亮。（介词） It is the atoms that make up iron, water, oxygen and the like. 正是原子构成了铁、水、氧等类物质。（名词） He likes making experiments in chemistry. 他喜欢做化学实验。（动词） Waves in water move like the waveform moves along a rope. 波在水中移动就象波形沿着绳子移动一样。（连词） Plastics was at first based on coal and wood. 最初塑料是从煤和木材中提取的。（动词） As we all know, a base reacts with an acid to form a salt. 众所周知，碱与酸起反应变成盐。（名词） Iron and brass are base metals. 铁和黄铜为非贵重金属。（形容词） We have now accumulated a considerable body of knowledge about electronics. 目前，我们在电子学方面已经积累了大量知识。（名词） They are in desperate need of this kind of bodied oil. 他们非常需要这种聚合油。（过去分词） Imagination bodies forth the forms of things unknown. 想象力能使未知事物的形象呈现出来。（动词） 根据上下文选择词义 Our work today is to work out the design. 我们今天的工作是把设计做出来。 To move something is to do work. 移动物体就是作功。 We like his works very much. 我们非常喜欢他的著作。 The building of these giant iron and steel works will greatly accelerate the development of the iron and steel industry of our country. 这些大型钢铁厂的建立会大大地加速我国钢铁工业的发展。 The works of these watches and clocks are all home-produced. 这些钟表里的机件全部都是国产的。 The electronic microscope possesses very high resolving power compared with the optical microscope. 与光学显微镜相比，电子显微镜具有极高的分辨率。 Power can be transmitted over a long distance. 电力可以输送到很远的地方。 The fourth power of three is eighty-one. 3的4次方是81。 The combining pow