语言声学（Speech acoustics）.docVIP

语言声学（Speech acoustics） Speech acoustics, also known as language communication, is a branch of modern acoustics. It is a science that studies the production, transmission, acceptance and transformation of language by acoustic methods. Language is a complex signal system with both natural and social attributes. The acoustic method is not only used to study the acoustic characteristics of speech signals, but also to study the psychological and physiological characteristics of language. Speech analysis, synthesis and perception are the main methods in the study of language acoustics. In the study of language, acoustic characteristics are the main ones; syllable structure should be taken into account when studying syllables, and syntax and semantics are considered in the study of words and expressions. Therefore, linguistics and information theory are also involved in the study of language acoustics. As early as one thousand or two thousand years ago, people had studied language. Due to the lack of proper instrumentation, it has long been studied by ear and oral mimicry. Therefore, the study of language is often referred to as the voice, so fragmentary hearsay knowledge was based on qualitative description. In 1860s, Helmholtz applied acoustic methods to study the vowels and singing, which laid the foundation of linguistic acoustics; in 1876 the invention of the telephone, as well as the rapid development of telephone communication, promote the study of acoustic characteristics of speech signal and its relationship with the perception of language. The development of electronic technology, quantitative research into speech, provides a powerful means. In 1940s, a special instrument for speech acoustics, the language map, came out. It can make the acoustic features of speech language map expressed, so that the visible language. This has made important contributions to the development of speech acoustics. On 50s began the acoustic theory of language production are discussed,