近现代史纲要复习资料第二章（Summary of modern history review materials second chapters）.docVIP

近现代史纲要复习资料第二章（Summary of modern history review materials second chapters） The second chapter is the early exploration of the way out of the country Section 1. The ups and downs of the storm in the struggle for the masses of peasants I. peasant wars in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (1) the uprising of Jin Tian and the establishment of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom regime; 1, the basic cause of the outbreak of peasant war in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is the political oppression and economic exploitation of the peasants by the feudal autocratic regime and the landlord class. 2, cruel oppression and exploitation forced the broad masses of peasants onto the road of resistance. 3, the five Heavenly King: Hong Xiuquan dubbed Yang Xiuqing Dong Wang, Xiao Zhaogui to the west, Feng Yunshan Wang, Wei Changhui Shi Dakai Wang, Wang wing. (two) heavenly land system and Zizheng xinpian 1, heavenly land system (1) Nature: promulgated in the winter of 1853, it is the programmatic document that can best reflect the social ideal of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the characteristics of the peasant war. (2) content: A established an average land allocation scheme; B, which stipulated the production and distribution of agricultural sideline products, implemented the management of two with the grass-roots organization of rural power, one or two per 25 households. (3) goals: to create fields with farming, there is rice with food, clothes to wear the same, making the same money, column is not uniform, no ideal society is not warm enough. (4) significance: A is a relatively complete social reform program centered on the settlement of land problems. It represents the strong desire of farmers to allocate land on an average basis, and reflects the general demands of the peasants against feudal land ownership. B, with a more complete content and a deeper touch on the core of the contradictions of feudal society, is more profound than the slogans raised by peasant uprisings in the past dynasties. C di