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英语原文Highly Efficient One-Pot Three-Component Mannich Reaction in Water Catalyzed by Heteropoly AcidsNajmodinAzizi, LallehTorkiyan, and Mohammad R. Saidi*Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11465-9516, Tehran 11365, Iran Org. Lett., 2006, 8 (10), pp 2079–2082DOI: 10.1021/ol060498vPublication Date (Web): April 20, 2006Copyright ? 2006 American Chemical SocietyAbstractHeteropoly acids efficiently catalyzed the one-pot, three-component Mannich reaction of ketones with aromatic aldehydes and different amines in water at ambient temperature and afforded the corresponding β-amino carbonyl compounds in good to excellent yields and with moderate diastereoselectivity. This method provides a novel and improved modification of the three-component Mannich reaction in terms of mild reaction conditions and clean reaction profiles, using very a small quantity of catalyst and a simple workup procedure. Carrying out organic reactions in water has become highly desirable in recent years to meet environmental considerations.1 The use of water as a sole medium for organic reactions would greatly contribute to the development of environmentally friendly processes. Indeed, industry prefers to use water as a solvent rather than toxic organic solvents. In this context, in recent years, much attention has been focused on Lewis acid catalyzed organic reactions in water. Heteropoly acids (HPAs) are environmentally benign and economically feasible solid catalysts that offer several advantages.2 Therefore, organic reactions that exploit heteropoly acid catalysts in water could prove ideal for industrial synthetic organic chemistry applications, provided that the catalysts show high catalytic activity in water. Mannich reactions are among the most important carbon?carbon bond forming reactions in organic synthesis.3They provide β?amino carbonyl compounds, which are important synthetic intermediates for various pharmaceuticals and natural products.4 The increasing po