利用基因敲除小鼠研究雄激素受体对骨骼肌影响的研究进展.PDFVIP

中国细胞生物学学报 Chinese Journal of Cell Biology 2016, 39(4): 529–536 DOI: 10.11844/cj cb.2017.04.0303 利用基因敲除小鼠研究雄激素受体对 骨骼肌影响的研究进展 鲁 林 王晓慧* (上海体育学院运动科学学院, 上海200438) 摘要 雄激素除了促进男性性器官成熟和维持男性第一、第二性征之外, 在提高肌肉质量 和力量方面也具有非常重要的作用。雄激素主要通过与雄激素受体(androgen receptor, AR)结合来 发挥其生物学功能。近年来, 雄激素/AR在骨骼肌肥大、肌纤维类型以及老年性肌肉丢失中的重 要作用已得到广泛关注。尽管有睾丸切除动物模型, 但雄激素及AR 的作用机制远未被完全阐明。 AR 利用Cre/loxP 系统建立的组织特异性、细胞特异性和诱导性的 条件性敲除小鼠为研究雄激素/ AR AR AR在骨骼肌中的作用及机制提供了更好的动物模型。该文就 敲除小鼠( knockout, ARKO) 骨骼肌质量、肌纤维类型、结构和力量的改变和机制以及正确解释ARKO 小鼠表型需要注意的 问题等作一综述。 关键词 雄激素受体; Cre/loxP系统; 基因敲除小鼠; 骨骼肌 Advance in the Influences of Androgen Receptor on Skeletal Muscle Based on AR Gene Knockout Mice Lu Lin, Wang Xiaohui* (School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China) Abstract Apart from producing and maintaining primary and secondary sexual characteristics, androgen plays a pivotal role in regulating the mass and strength of skeletal muscles. Androgen mainly exerts its biological role through binding the androgen receptor (AR). Though the studies in the model animals of orchiectomy and in vitro culture of skeletal muscles and cells, androgen/AR signal pathway is still far from fully elucidated. In recent years, global AR knockout (ARKO) mice and tissue-specific, cell-specific or inducible ARKO mice established by Cre/loxP system provided a better platform to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of androgen/ AR signal pathway in regulating the mass and strength of skeletal muscles.