酸碱盐（Acid-base salt）.docVIP

酸碱盐（Acid-base salt） Section 1 Preparation Acid-base indicator Definition: a substance that can react with an acid or base solution and display a different color is called a acid-base indicator. There is a common pH indicator? Purple litmus solution and colorless phenolphthalein solution. The petals or fruit of certain plants (such as morning glory, rose, purple cabbage, etc.) can also be used as acid-base indicators. ? purple litmus solution in acid solution (solution containing H+) red alkali solution (OH- solution with blue and purple) in neutral solution. Colorless phenolphthalein solution in acid solution does not change color, no color in neutral solution, alkali solution turns red. Not all salt solutions are neutral. Water solution is alkaline salt: soda ash, baking soda and so on. Water solution acidic salt: copper sulphate, sodium bisulfate, etc.. S Two, desiccant 1., the purpose of using desiccant is to remove the water vapor mixed with the gas. 2., we have learned the desiccant sodium hydroxide, concentrated sulfuric acid, calcium oxide, calcium chloride and so on. Sodium hydroxide is easy to tide out; concentrated sulfuric acid has water absorption; while calcium oxide reacts with water: CaO+H2O=Ca (OH) 2 3. sodium hydroxide Sodium hydroxide and other alkaline desiccant can not dry hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and other acidic gases. 4. concentrated sulfuric acid Concentrated sulfuric acid and other acidic desiccant can not dry ammonia and other alkaline gas. Three and metathesis reaction Definition: the reaction of two compounds that exchange components to produce two other compounds is called metathesis. Characteristic: exchange component, valence state changeless. The condition of the reaction: the formation of a difficult ionized substance (water, gas, or precipitation). The substitution reaction and the metathesis reaction have no sequence and can occur simultaneously. Second acids First, the definition and classification of acid