电容降压（Capacitor step-down）.docVIP

电容降压（Capacitor step-down） Capacitance of a low frequency 50Hz AC, the capacitor on the heat loss is very small, so the capacitor buck is better than the resistance step-down. The principle of capacitor voltage reduction is not complicated. His work is in principle reactance under certain frequency AC signal using capacitor to limit the maximum working current. For example, in the case of 50Hz, a 1uF capacitor capacitance generated about 3180 ohms. When the AC voltage of the 220V is applied to both ends of the capacitor, the maximum current flowing through the capacitor is about 70mA. Although the current flowing through the capacitor is 70mA, there is no power consumption on the capacitor. If the capacitor is an ideal capacitor, the current flowing through the capacitor is an imaginary part current, and the work done by it is reactive power. According to this characteristic, if we connect a resistive element in a 1uF capacitor, the voltage generated at the two ends of the resistive element and the power consumption it generates depend entirely on the characteristics of the resistive element. For example, we put a 110V/8W bulb in series with a 1uF capacitor, and when we receive the AC voltage at 220V/50Hz, the bulb is lit to give normal brightness without being burned. Since the current required by the 110V/8W bulb is 8W/110V=72mA, it matches the current limiting characteristic of the 1uF capacitor. In the same way, we can also connect the 5W/65V bulb with the 1uF capacitor to the AC current of 220V/50Hz, and the bulb will be lit without burning. Because 5W/65Vs light bulb has a working current of about 70mA. Therefore, in fact is the use of capacitor step-down current limiting reactance. The capacitor actually acts as a limiting current and dynamically allocates both the capacitor and the voltage across the load. The basic principle is that the AC impedance of the capacitor is used to play a current limiting role in the circuit. The impedance of an ideal capacitor i