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NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH Volume 7, Issue 13, May 2012 Cite this article as: Neural Regen Res. 2012;7(13):1029-1039. Tolerance effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs microinjected into central amygdala, periaqueductal grey, and nucleus raphe Possible cellular mechanism*●☆ Merab G. Tsagareli, Nana Tsiklauri, Ivliane Nozadze, Gulnaz Gurtskaia Ivane Beritashvili Experimental BioMedicine Center, Tbilisi 0160, Georgia Abstract Pain is a sensation related to potential or actual damage in some tissue of the body. The mainstay Merab G. Tsagareli, M.D., Professor, Ivane Beritashvili of medical pain therapy remains drugs that have been around for decades, like non-steroidal Experimental BioMedicine anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or opiates. However, adverse effects of opiates, particularly Center, Tbilisi 0160, Georgia tolerance, limit their clinical use. Several lines of investigations have shown that systemic Corresponding author: Merab (intraperitoneal) administration of NSAIDs induces antinociception with some effects of tolerance. In G. Tsagareli, Ivane this review, we report that repeated microinjection of NSAIDs analgin, clodifen, ketorolac and Beritashvili Experimental xefocam into the central nucleu